What Is Eddy Current Testing (ECT)?

Eddy Current Testing (ECT) is a non-destructive testing method used to detect subsurface defects in electrically conductive materials. In this method, an alternating magnetic field is applied to the surface of the material, generating circulating currents known as eddy currents. Flaws within the material alter the intensity and flow of these currents, allowing detection of cracks, corrosion, holes, and other defects near the surface of the tested component.

What Are the Standards for Eddy Current Testing?

The main standards accepted for eddy current testing are as follows:

• ISO 15549: An international standard providing general procedures and applications for eddy current testing.
• ASTM E2871: Defines the standards for testing conductive materials using eddy currents.
• EN 1711: A European standard outlining industrial applications and requirements for eddy current inspection.
• ASME Section V: Published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, it includes specific requirements for eddy current testing.

How Is Eddy Current Testing Performed?

Eddy current testing is performed through the following steps:

1. Preparation and Cleaning: The surface of the test material is cleaned to remove oil, dirt, or rust that might affect the test results.
2. Probe Placement: The eddy current probe (sensor) is placed on the surface of the test material. The probe directs a magnetic field to induce electrical currents in the material.
3. Applying Alternating Current: Alternating current (AC) is applied through the probe to the material. The current interacts with the material’s electrical conductivity to generate eddy currents.
4. Measurement of Eddy Currents: Any discontinuity (crack, corrosion, hole, etc.) alters the distribution of eddy currents. These changes are detected by the probe’s sensor.
5. Data Analysis and Results: The collected data is analyzed using software or specialized devices. Variations in the eddy current signals indicate the location and size of defects.
6. Reporting: The test results are documented and shared with the relevant parties.

Where Is Eddy Current Testing Used?

Eddy current testing is widely used to detect surface and near-surface flaws in the following fields:

• Automotive Industry: Detects surface defects in metal parts, chassis, engine components, and other structures.
• Aerospace Industry: Inspects aircraft fuselage, wings, and engine parts for cracks and corrosion.
• Energy Sector: Used in nuclear and thermal power plants to inspect pipelines, tanks, and equipment for corrosion and cracks.
• Oil and Gas Industry: Examines pipelines, tanks, and other materials for surface and internal defects.
• Construction and Infrastructure: Identifies cracks and degradation in concrete and metal structures.
• Electronics and Home Appliances: Used to inspect electrical circuits, solder joints, and other critical electronic components.

Equipment and Techniques for Eddy Current Testing

• Eddy Current Probe Set: Consists of sensors and detectors used to generate and measure eddy currents on the surface.
• Testing Device: Generates eddy currents and analyzes the collected data, usually with high precision and portability.
• Software: Analyzes and visualizes defects by processing eddy current data from the material.
• Calibration Equipment: Ensures accurate measurements by calibrating the test device before use.

Techniques:

• Surface Scanning: The most common technique used to detect surface defects.
• Depth Scanning: Used to identify subsurface defects within the material.
• Internal Defect Detection: Advanced techniques for identifying internal corrosion, cracks, or other flaws in metallic components.

Advantages of Eddy Current Testing

• Non-Destructive Inspection: The test does not damage the material, allowing it to remain in service.
• Fast and Efficient: Allows testing of large areas quickly with high scanning speed.
• Surface and Subsurface Detection: Detects both surface and near-surface defects with high sensitivity.
• Portable Equipment: Test devices are typically portable and easy to use in various environments.
• Applicable to Various Materials: Can be used on different conductive materials such as aluminum, copper, and steel.
• High Sensitivity: Provides precise detection even for small defects.

Disadvantages of Eddy Current Testing

• Surface Preparation Required: The test surface must be clean; otherwise, results may be inaccurate.
• Limited to Surface Defects: Only detects surface or near-surface flaws; deep defects require other methods.
• Electrical Conductivity Required: Applicable only to electrically conductive materials, not to non-conductive ones.
• High Equipment Cost: Devices and testing kits can be expensive in some cases.

Contact Us

For more information about eddy current testing or to identify defects in your materials, please contact us. Our expert team is ready to provide customized solutions that meet the highest safety and efficiency standards.

For questions or requests, feel free to reach out to us:

• Phone: +90 (850) 480 88 10
• Email: info@experte.com.tr
• Address: İçerenköy Mah. Değirmen Yolu Cad. Kutay İş Merkezi D No: 20 İç Kapı No: 11 Ataşehir / Istanbul

We are your trusted partner for all your testing and inspection needs! We look forward to working with you.